FAQ

A vinyl record is a physical medium for music playback made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It features a spiral groove that contains the audio information. A stylus (needle) on a turntable reads the grooves to produce sound.

Vinyl records work by having grooves pressed into the surface that represent sound waves. A needle (stylus) follows the grooves as the record spins on a turntable. The vibrations created by the stylus are converted into electrical signals, which are then amplified and played through speakers.

Vinyl records typically play at three speeds:

• 33 1/3 RPM (revolutions per minute) for LPs (long-playing records).
• 45 RPM for singles or EPs (extended plays).
• 78 RPM for older shellac records, which were common before the 1950s.

• LP (Long Play): A full-length album, usually containing multiple tracks, and typically playing at 33 1/3 RPM.
• EP (Extended Play): A shorter record, often containing 4-5 tracks, and usually playing at 45 RPM.
• Single: A record with one song per side, also typically playing at 45 RPM.

o clean vinyl records:

• Use a carbon fiber brush to remove dust before each play.
• For deeper cleaning, use a vinyl cleaning solution and microfiber cloth or specialized cleaning kits.
• Always handle records by the edges to avoid getting fingerprints or oils on the grooves.

Vinyl records should be stored:

• Vertically to prevent warping.
• In a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
• In protective inner sleeves and sturdy outer sleeves to protect against dust, scratches, and other damage.

Vinyl provides an analog sound, which some people describe as “warmer” and more natural compared to digital formats. The sound is continuous rather than being made up of samples (as in digital formats like CDs or MP3s). However, vinyl can also introduce surface noise (like pops or clicks) due to dust or imperfections.

With proper care, vinyl records can last for decades. Avoid exposing them to extreme temperatures, moisture, or scratches, and always store them properly to preserve their condition.

To play vinyl records, you need:

• A turntable with a stylus (needle).
• A phono preamp (some turntables have this built-in).
• An amplifier or speakers to play the sound.

Most modern records are pressed on high-quality vinyl and often feature remastered audio for better sound. Vintage records may have some wear, but many collectors prefer their historical value and original sound quality. Modern records may also come in colored or special edition vinyl, whereas vintage records are typically black.

o prevent skipping:

• Make sure your turntable is level.
• Keep your stylus clean and replace it when worn.
• Clean your records regularly.
• Ensure proper tracking force and anti-skate settings on your turntable.

Minor surface scratches may not affect playback much, but deep scratches cannot be fully repaired. While some cleaning techniques can reduce noise, it’s difficult to restore a severely scratched record to its original condition.